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Studies of Audio-visual Entrainment In Relation to University, College and High School Students.

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Studies of Audio-visual Entrainment In Relation to
University, College and High School Students. -By Dave Siever, Nov 2011

Budzynski Study – Using AVE to Improve Cognition and Academic Performance in College Students
Tom Budzynski and colleagues (1999) divided the typical alpha band into three separate bands: A1 represented 7 to 9 Hz; A2 represented 9 to 11 Hz; and A3 represented 11 to 13 Hz. They examined the A3/A1 ratio. If, for example, there was 15 v of A3 activity and 12 v of A1 activity, the ratio would be 15/12 = 1.25. Based on previous findings, a ratio exceeding 1 was considered to equate with better than average mental performance and a high PAF, while a score below 1 equated with poorer than average mental performance.

A group of students from Western Washington University (n=8), who were struggling academically and receiving tutoring, were chosen for the study. EEGs were collected and the A3/A1 ratios were calculated while the students were completing a variety of mental tasks. Average alpha slowing (as indicated by the negative ratio) was apparent across all measures and in particular the Digit Span task. This is an indication of impaired attention and memory. The Digit Span task requires remembering progressively longer strings of numbers until they can no longer be remembered. Following 30 sessions of repeating cycles of 14 and 22 Hz AVE, mean alpha frequency (positive ratio) increased. The positive alpha ratio continued across all tasks (Eyes-open at Rest, Eyes-closed at Rest, Digit Symbols, Eyes-open Recall, Eyes-closed Recall) indicating heightened mental performance (a reversal of the control group) and improved performance. ©Mind Alive Inc, 2012

The 30 AVE sessions were completed in the fall of 1997 and the students’ marks from their spring exams were recorded and compared against a control group. Notice the AVE group showed improvement in grade-point average (GPA) over the course of the year while the controls showed a decrease in GPA. This study demonstrates that the carry-over effect following the cessation of AVE treatment continued for at least four months.

Wuchrer Study – Memory and Concentration – 2009

This study, by Viktor Wuchrer (2009), examined the memory and concentration ability of 78 students from the Psychological Institute of the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg. The selected students were randomly assigned to one of three groups: an Alpha AVE group; a Beta/SMR AVE Group; and a Control Group. The students in the Beta/SMR AVE Group were given one AVE session using the Mind Alive Inc., patented dual-frequency eyesets, which stimulate a beta frequency into the left hemisphere of the brain and an SMR frequency ©Mind Alive Inc, 2012
into the right hemisphere of the brain. This combination has been shown to boost attention (Siever, 1998; 2004; 2007). The Alpha AVE Group received one AVE session at a randomized alpha frequency of roughly 10 Hz.

Pre-tests.
At the beginning of the experiment each participant was subjected to a Pre-Test in order to measure his/her memory and concentration-performance. To measure memory performance, the sub-test objects from the Baeumler Memory Test (1974) had been administered to each participant. Also, each participant had to undergo the Brickenkamp d2 Concentration Test (2002) in order to evaluate his concentration-performance.

Treatment.
Following the Pre-Test, each participant was randomly assigned to the respective Treatment:
The participants in the Alpha group received 20 minutes of AVE with a stimulation frequency of 10 Hz (Healthy Alpha session) from a DAVID AVE device.
The participants in the Beta/SMR group received 20 minutes AVE with dual frequency stimulation to the brain (Brain Brightener Protocol). The left brain-hemisphere was stimulated with a pulse rate of 18 to 20 Hz and the right brain-hemisphere was stimulated with a pulse rate of 13 to 14 Hz.

The participants in the Control Group received no stimulation. Instead they read a relaxing prose text for a fantasy journey and wrote a short essay afterwards, which represented the placebo treatment.

A experimental hypothesis was that the higher stimulation frequency within the Beta range for the left brain hemisphere would cause a corresponding activation of logical-analytic thinking. The Brain Brightener protocol in theory should according produce better concentration-performance for the Beta/SMR group of students. Similarly, it was hypothesized that the Alpha Group would should the best improvements in memory. The participants of the control group received no stimulation. Instead, they read a relaxing prose text for a fantasy journey and write a short essay afterwards, which represented the placebo treatment.
Figures 7 and 8, show the results with respect to the placebo control group. The charts clearly indicate that the DAVID AVE device produced exceptional results for both concentration and memory. Surprisingly, the controls actually performed worse on the post trial, whereas the AVE groups excelled. The poor performance of the controls might be attributed to mental fatigue from the testing, whereas the AVE group had sustained endurance.

As hypothesized, the Beta/SMR brain wave frequencies produced better results for concentration and the alpha frequency produced better results for memory. There were immediate improvements in academic ability following the use of the DAVID AVE for bot experimental groups. ©Mind Alive Inc, 2012

Copyright: Dave Siever, CEO of Mind Alive Inc., Reposted by Mindmachines.com with permission. 2013. All rights reserved.


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